The DamSite points signify the location of landslide dams and are situated at the upstream end of each dam. The point position is exactly on the river centreline so that river and catchment metrics can be systematically calculated. For consistency, river centrelines were generated using the 8 m national DEM for New Zealand (LINZ, 2012). For this reason, DamSite points may not always be immediately adjacent to the Dam polygons. There is always one DamSite point for one Dam polygon.

The Dam polygons signify the area of landslide debris that blocked the watercourse, forming the landslide dam. Where possible, this includes only the debris that formed the dam while other debris that did not block the watercourse has been mapped separately into the DebrisTrail feature class. Occasionally, the Dam polygon may be representative of the whole landslide deposit. In some instances, the dam no longer exists in the landscape and its extent has been interpreted. The Dam was delineated using a variety of methods from manual mapping on 1 m resolution LiDAR to unsupervised techniques using remote sensing. The quality of data (e.g., resolution, accuracy, etc.) therefore varies depending on the technique used (linked to the QualityRankings table). This feature class contains attributes that are specific to the landslide dam.

"GeoNet Aotearoa New Zealand Stations Metadata Repository" is a relational database providing information about current and past instruments forming the GeoNet's continuously recording sensor network. The database contains information around networks, station geographical location, installed scientific equipment and their deployment history, calibration files and essential information about the physical environment in which those instruments are located. Stations metadata are provided in tabular format and information about different type of networks might be integrated and combined in the same file or group of files. The database is maintained and curated by GNS Science through the GeoNet programme. It covers a time range that precedes the programme and contains metadata of recording stations that were operating in the early 20th century. The database structure is not domain specific, and it is published in a version controlled system. The "GeoNet Aotearoa New Zealand stations metadata repository" is archived and publicly available and commonly referred to as "delta". This dataset is funded by the New Zealand Government through its agencies: https://www.geonet.org.nz/sponsors DOI : 10.21420/0VY2-C144 Cite as: GNS Science. (2019). GeoNet Aotearoa New Zealand Stations Metadata Repository [Data set]. GNS Science, GeoNet. https://doi.org/10.21420/0VY2-C144

This dataset contains 2016 Kaikōura surface ruptures mapped at a scale of 1:250,000. The dataset is simplified to this scale from the high resolution New Zealand Active Faults Database (NZAFD). Please note this dataset is a subset taken from NZAFD 1:250,000 scale (the primary source) on the 28 July 2020. The primary source of the dataset is an ESRI vector feature class managed in a PostgreSQL database, with updates intermittently published to the GNS ArcGIS server as a web map service. The data can also be viewed through the NZAFD website and downloaded from there in shapefile, KML, JSON and text formats. The dataset comprises polylines, with each line representing the location of an active fault trace at or near the surface. Each fault trace has attributes that describes its name, orientation, displacement, sense of movement, time of last movement and other fault activity parameters. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21420/KG20-N635 Cite data as: GNS Science. (2019). 2016 Kaikōura surface ruptures 1:250,000 scale [Data set]. GNS Science. https://doi.org/10.21420/KG20-N635

The QualityRankings table records the quality of each source dataset or reference. Where multiple references are given in the feature classes, the ranking of the highest overall quality record is assigned to the dataset. For example, if a previously-mapped dataset was updated by the Version 1.0 NZ Landslide Dam Database authors using more recent satellite imagery or terrain models, then the metadata record for the updated mapping is linked to the landslide DamSite points via the Metadata ID field. In Version 1.0 of the database, this table contains attributes that are specific to the quality of the whole source dataset, not individual landslide dams. This might be improved in future versions of the database.

Version 1.0 of the New Zealand (NZ) Landslide Dam Database (NZLDD) has been developed by GNS Science and contains recent, historic and prehistoric landslide dams in NZ, defined as significant, ephemeral or enduring blockages of a watercourse by a landslide. Note that Debris Trail and Dam, as mapped here, together comprise the landslide deposit, with the Dam limited to the part of the deposit damming its respective watercourse, i.e., the deposit that lies within the valley bottom. Version 1.0 contains many catalogued landslide dams, but is not a complete database of all landslide dams that have ever occurred in NZ. The database comprises five spatial datasets in New Zealand Transverse Mercator 2000 (NZTM2000) projection and one table. The database together with a full description of the data has been published by Morgenstern et al. (2023) (accessed from https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-023-02133-4) and can be downloaded as an ArcGIS geodatabase from https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NW6MT. Journal article: Morgenstern R, Wolter A, Cox SC, Lukovic B, Bain D, Sirohi A, Bruce ZRV, Jones KE, Rosser BJ, Townsend DB, Massey CI. 2023 The New Zealand Landslide Dam Database, v1.0. Landslides, 21: 121-134; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-023-02133-4 Data: Morgenstern R, Wolter A, Cox SC, Lukovic B, Bain D, Sirohi A, Bruce ZRV, Jones KE, Rosser BJ, Townsend DB, Massey CI. 2023 The New Zealand Landslide Dam Database, v1.0. OSF. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NW6MT Metadata: New Zealand Landslide Dam Database Version 1.0. https://doi.org/10.21420/47GZ-A116

The Lake polygons signify the known or inferred area inundated by landslide-dammed lakes. In many instances the lake no longer exists in the landscape and its extent was inferred based on geomorphic features such as sedimentary plains, wetlands, and deltas. If no obvious signs of a past lake exist for a particular case study, a lake was not mapped. Where the landslide-dammed lakes still exist today (typically for large, enduring dams), the current lake extent was taken from the LINZ topographic 1:50,000 scale mapping (LINZ, 2020a, 2020b). These are likely not the initial or maximum lake extents, particularly for old dams. The Lake was delineated using a variety of methods from manual mapping on 1 m resolution LiDAR to using the LINZ 1:50,000 scale map data. The quality of data (e.g., resolution, accuracy, etc.) therefore varies depending on the technique used (linked to the QualityRankings table). This feature class contains attributes that are specific to the landslide-dammed lake.

The Source polygons signify the source area of the landslide that formed the landslide dam. The Source was delineated using a variety of methods from manual mapping on 1 m resolution LiDAR to unsupervised techniques using remote sensing. The quality of data (e.g., resolution, accuracy, etc.) therefore varies depending on the technique used (linked to the QualityRankings table). This feature class contains attributes that are specific to the landslide source.

The DebrisTrail polygons signify the debris trail of the landslide, defined as the deposit between the Source and Dam, and it can also include debris that did not block the watercourse. Debris trails were not mapped if the deposit extent matched the Dam extent. The DebrisTrail was delineated using a variety of methods from manual mapping on 1 m resolution LiDAR to unsupervised techniques using remote sensing. The quality of data (e.g., resolution, accuracy, etc.) therefore varies depending on the technique used (linked to the QualityRankings table). This feature class contains attributes that are specific to the landslide debris trail.

This dataset contains onshore active faults data for New Zealand. Active faults in New Zealand are defined as those that have ruptured and/or caused ground deformation during the last 125,000 years (except for in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, where the definition of activity is restricted to only include the last 25,000 years). The dataset is produced by GNS Science and represents the most current mapping of active faults for New Zealand in a single dataset, designed for portrayal at 1:250,000. The data are derived from the QMAP Geological Map of New Zealand Project and the high resolution New Zealand Active Faults Database (NZAFD). The primary source of the dataset is an ESRI vector feature class managed in a PostgreSQL database, with updates intermittently published to the GNS ArcGIS server as a web map service. The data can also be viewed through the NZAFD website and downloaded from there in shapefile, KML, JSON and text formats; however, these are not updated as frequently as the map service and are static copies of the database with the timestamp in the file name. The dataset comprises polylines, with each line representing the location of an active fault trace at or near the surface. Each fault trace has attributes that describes its name, orientation, displacement, sense of movement, time of last movement and other fault activity parameters. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21420/R1QN-BM52 Cite data as: GNS Science. (2016). New Zealand Active Faults Database 1:250,000 scale [Data set]. GNS Science. https://doi.org/10.21420/R1QN-BM52