Here we provide data from the Ross Ice Shelf ocean cavity. The HWD2 Camp was established in October of 2017 at (-80 39.497, 174 27.678) where the ice is moving seaward at around ~600 m a-1 and is sourced from the Transantarctic Mountains. Profiling Instruments - Profiling was primarily conducted with an RBR Concerto CTD (conductivity-temperature depth) profiling instrument, and this was cross-calibrated against irregular profiles with an RBR Duet (pressure and temperature only), a SBE37 MicroCat CTD as well as moored SBE37 MicroCat CTDs. The RBR unit is small and has suitable sensor capability (temperature and conductivity accuracies of ±0.002°C and ±0.003 mS cm-1). Its conductivity cell design is not prone to fouling by ice crystals, making it ideal for work in the sometimes crystal-laden borehole conditions. We were inconsistent in how we mounted the CTD on its protective frame and this appeared to make small difference in the conductivity signal (resulting in an ~0.03 psu variation). This was post-corrected based on the essentially invariant mooring data from the lower water column as well as SBE37 cross-calibration profile data. Because of the potential for sediment contamination of the sensors, the profiles were mostly conservative in their proximity to the sea floor. On several occasions, profiles were conducted all the way to the sea floor. The temperature and salinity are presented in EOS-80 in order to compare with available data. Eighty-three profiles are provided here (ctd_HWD2_*.dat). In addition, limited microstructure profiling was conducted to provide insight into some of the mixing details. The profiles were conducted by lowering the instrument to the ice base then commencing a sequence of three up-down “yo-yos” before returning to the surface and downloading. A data segment is included here (VMP_HWD2.dat). There were some challenges registering the vertical coordinate for the profiles. The melting of the borehole generates a trapped pool of relatively fresh water. The interface between this and the ocean should be near the base of the hole or a little higher – with seawater intrusion. However, there were some instances where the interface was at a higher pressure (i.e. apparently in the open water column). The best explanation for this is that the water in the borehole is not at static equilibrium for some period after initial melting. We use 34.3 psu as a cut-off, in addition to a pressure criterion to identify the top of the useful oceanic profile. It is also not inconceivable that water was being ejected from the hole, but it is unlikely that this would have impacted in the consistent observed pattern. Instrumented Mooring - The mooring instruments at HWD2-A comprised 5 Nortek Aquadopp single point current meters in titanium housings reporting to the surface (30-minute interval, Table SI-Three) via an inductive modem to a Sound-9 data logger and Iridium transmitter. The current meter measurements were corrected to account for the 138° magnetic declination offset (i.e. the south magnetic pole is to the north-west of the field site). Five files are provided here (HWD2_Init_rcm*.dat4). Stevens Craig, Hulbe Christina, Brewer Mike, Stewart Craig, Robinson Natalie, Ohneiser Christian, Jendersie Stefan (2020). Ocean mixing and heat transport processes observed under the Ross Ice Shelf control its basal melting. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117 (29), 16799-16804. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910760117

Temperature and salinity observations were made at nominal depths of 75 m and 100 m, respectively, by Sea Bird Electronics sensors. Acoustic volume backscatter measurements were made by an ASL Environmental Sciences Acoustic Zooplankton Fish Profiler (AZFP) operating at four-frequencies (125 kHz, 200 kHz, 455 kHz and 769 kHz). The AZFP profiled the top 25 m of the water column in 0.1 m bins. All instruments were deployed through a landfast sea ice cover that was approximately 2 m thick. The WWW Tide and Current Predictor model was used to generate tidal height forecasts for the deployment periods. GET DATA: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.923620

In collaboration between Korea Polar Research Institute and NIWA, an oceanographic mooring was deployed to the North of the Drygalski Ice Tongue (-75.360083, lon:164.748633) on 3 March 2018 as a part of the ANA08C research cruise, and it was recovered on 4 January 2019. To monitor physical properties (Temperature, Salinity, Current) of ocean water in the north of the Drygalski Ice Tongue. GET DATA: https://kpdc.kopri.re.kr/search/90416713-7e1f-4c4d-a0b6-46c8deeea43e

In collaboration between Korea Polar Research Institute and NIWA, an oceanographic mooring was deployed to the south of the Drygalski Ice Tongue (lat:-75.488417, lon:163.174350) on 12 February 2017 as a part of the ANA07C research cruise, and it was recovered on 7 March 2018. To monitor physical properties (Temperature, Salinity, Current) of ocean water in the south of the Drygalski Ice Tongue. GET DATA: https://kpdc.kopri.re.kr/search/9245184f-b187-4c1e-ad6f-32ed1f9493c8

In collaboration between the Korea Polar Research Institute and NIWA, an oceanographic mooring was deployed close to the bottom depth near the Drygalski Ice Tongue (lat:-75.275700, lon:164.067300) on 5 February 2017 as a part of the ANA07C research cruise, and it was recovered on 5 March 2018. To monitor physical properties (Temperature, Salinity, Current) of deep water near the Drygalski Ice Tongue. GET DATA: https://kpdc.kopri.re.kr/search/023da26f-ba92-43ee-ab54-8ec5fbcf133b

In collaboration between the Korea Polar Research Institute and NIWA, an oceanographic mooring was deployed close to the bottom depth near the Drygalski Ice Tongue (lat:-75.275700, lon:164.067300) on March 2020, and it was recovered on March 2022 (ANA12D research cruise) To monitor physical properties (Temperature, Salinity, Current) of deep water near the Drygalski Ice Tongue. GET DATA: https://kpdc.kopri.re.kr/search/17597739-8a74-45c9-8816-8adbcd11209f

In collaboration between Korea Polar Research Institute and NIWA, an oceanographic mooring was deployed to the North of the Drygalski Ice Tongue (lat:-75.360083, lon:164.748633) on 12 December 2014 as a part of the ANA05A research cruise, and it was recovered on 10 December 2015. To monitor physical properties (Temperature, Salinity, Current) of ocean water in the north of the Drygalski Ice Tongue. GET DATA: https://kpdc.kopri.re.kr/search/1a10def2-13e7-4829-b46d-07bebb748ce2

In collaboration between the Korea Polar Research Institute and NIWA, an oceanographic mooring was deployed to the North of the Drygalski Ice Tongue (lat:-75.360767, lon:164.746467) on March 2020, and it was recovered on March 2022 (ANA12D research cruise). To monitor physical properties (Temperature, Salinity, Current) of ocean water in the north of the Drygalski Ice Tongue. GET DATA: https://kpdc.kopri.re.kr/search/3e3f6f5f-4989-4263-b351-d8df3b1e0471

In collaboration between Korea Polar Research Institute LDEO and NIWA, an oceanographic mooring was deployed close to the bottom depth in the Drygalski Basin (lat:-75.010487, lon:165.555680) on 6 March 2018 as a part of the ANA08C research cruise, and it was recovered on 5 January 2019. To monitor physical properties (Temperature, Salinity, Current) of deep water in the Drygalski Basin. GET DATA: https://kpdc.kopri.re.kr/search/992862c1-84d0-46aa-97dd-e2dcfb12357e

In collaboration between the Korea Polar Research Institute and NIWA, an oceanographic mooring was deployed close to the bottom depth near the Drygalski Ice Tongue (lat:-75.275700, lon:164.067300) on 9 March 2018 as a part of the ANA08C research cruise, and it was recovered on 3 January 2019 To monitor physical properties(Temperature, Salinity, Current) of deep water near the Drygalski Ice Tongue. To monitor physical properties (Temperature, Salinity, Current) of deep water near the Drygalski Ice Tongue. GET DATA: https://kpdc.kopri.re.kr/search/9826749c-376a-4751-8812-702cec76c4c0