Diatom census counts were used to quantitatively estimate summer sea-surface temperatures (SST) over the last 40,000 years in core MD11-3353, collected in 2011 on board the R.V. Marion Dusfresne west of Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean. The transfer function used to reconstruct summer (January to March) SST is the Modern Analog Technique that here uses 249 surface sediment samples (modern analogs), the relative abundances of 32 diatom species and the chord distance to select the five most similar modern analogs (Crosta et al., 2020). This method yields a root mean square error of prediction of ~1 °C. The core chronology is detailed in Thöle et al. (2019). RELATED PUBLICATION: Civel-Mazens, Matthieu; Crosta, Xavier; Cortese, Giuseppe; Michel, Elisabeth; Mazaud, Alain; Ther, Olivier; Ikehara, Minoru; Itaki, Takuya (2021): Impact of the Agulhas Return Current on the oceanography of the Kerguelen Plateau region, Southern Ocean, over the last 40 kyrs. Quaternary Science Reviews, 251, 106711, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106711

Here we analysed 26 years of pigment data (14,824 samples between 32°S and the Antarctic coast) from over 50 voyages (1996 – 2022), using the phytoclass software. The analysis confirms that the Antarctic Polar Front (APF) is a circumpolar phytoplankton class boundary, separating haptophyte dominated communities to the north from diatom domination of chlorophyll a in the south, and thereby a biological analogue corresponding to the Biogeochemical Divide. Further details can be found at : Hayward, A., Pinkerton, M.H., Wright, S.W. et al. Twenty-six years of phytoplankton pigments reveal a circumpolar Class Divide around the Southern Ocean. Commun Earth Environ 5, 92 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01261-6

The data is generated through modelling simulations using the University of Victoria Earth system climate model. The modelling dataset presented here corresponds to the study entitled "Transient response of Southern Ocean ecosystems during Heinrich stadials". This dataset contains data files of the complete transient simulations (FW,FE and FWFE) and 40ka-control simulation mentioned in Table 1 and Table 2 of the manuscript. We first performed a control simulation 40ka-control integrating a total of 10000 years. We use only the last 200 years of this control simulation for our analysis. The data is generated through modelling simulations using the University of Victoria Earth system climate model. All the final data is in nc format, which can be easily read by Python/ferret or any other common data analysing software. RELATED PUBLICATION: Saini,H., Meissner,K.J., Menviel,L., & Kvale,K.(2024). Transient response of Southern Ocean ecosystems during Heinrich stadials. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 39, e2023PA004754. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023PA004754 GET DATA: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.k3j9kd5dt