This is the Geological Map of New Zealand (Chatham Islands) dataset collection produced by GNS Science. A Chatham Islands-specific NZGD2000 Transverse Mercator (EPSG:3793) projected coordinate system is used for these data that are east of the 180° meridian. The mapping frame within which the features have been observed is typically defined as surface geology (i.e. the bedrock and superficial deposits that are exposed at the topographic surface or would be visible if the overlying soil was removed). The data structure complies with the GeoSciML 4.1 standard, where relevant, and uses the appropriate CGI Controlled Vocabularies. This collection forms part of Heron, D.W. (custodian) 2023: Geological Map of New Zealand 1:250 000 (4th ed.) [digital data]. Lower Hutt (NZ): GNS Science. (GNS Science geological map; 1). https://doi.org/10.21420/5XTJ-5718.

This layer contains the DSM for LiDAR data in Gisborne and Hawke's Bay following Cyclone Gabrielle, captured from 26 February to 15 March 2023. - The DEM is available as layer [Gisborne and Hawke's Bay - Cyclone Gabrielle Post Flood LiDAR 1m DEM (2023)](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/114544) - The Index Tiles are available as layer [Gisborne and Hawke's Bay - Cyclone Gabrielle Post Flood LiDAR Index Tiles (2023)](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/114543) LiDAR was captured for NIWA and the New Zealand Government by University of Canterbury and Christchurch Helicopters from 26 February to 15 March 2023. Coverage includes Aropaoanui River, Esk Valley, Heretaunga Plains (Ngaruroro and Tutaekuri Rivers), Mangahauini River (Tokomaru Bay), Tangoio (Te Ngarue Stream), Tukituki River, Uawa River (Tolaga Bay), Waipaoa River and Wairoa River. Data management and distribution is by Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Data contacts: University of Canterbury - James Brassington and Justin Stout NIWA - Hamish Biggs, Emily Lane and Andrew Tait Data comprises: - DEM: tif or asc tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout - DSM: tif or asc tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout Vertical datum is NZVD2016.

Index Tiles ONLY, for actual orthophotos see layer [Gisborne 0.1m Rural Aerial Photos (2023-2024)](http://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/117730) Orthophotography within the Gisborne region captured in the 2023-2024 flying season, co-captured with LiDAR. Imagery was captured for the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) by Landpro between 1 Nov 2023 and 30 Jan 2024. Data comprises: • 25189 ortho-rectified RGB GeoTIFF images in NZTM projection, tiled into the LINZ Standard 1:1000 tile layout. • Tile layout in NZTM projection containing relevant information. Imagery supplied as 10cm pixel resolution (0.1m GSD). Also available on: • [Basemaps](https://basemaps.linz.govt.nz/?i=gisborne-2023-2024-0.1m) • [NZ Imagery - Registry of Open Data on AWS](https://registry.opendata.aws/nz-imagery/)

This layer contains the DEM for LiDAR data in the Waikato Region including Hamilton City and Ngāruawāhia as well as the surronding area captured on 10 November 2023. - The DSM is available as layer [Waikato - Hamilton LiDAR 1m DSM (2023)](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/117093). - The Index Tiles are available as layer [Waikato - Hamilton LiDAR Index Tiles (2023)](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/117094). - The LAS point cloud is available as layer [Waikato - Hamilton LiDAR Point Cloud (2023)](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/d3SPPnPQ39sCSyM). - The vendor projects report is available as layer [Waikato - Hamilton LiDAR (2023) Survey Report](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/25213). LiDAR was captured for Hamilton City Council by Woolpert on 10 November 2023. These datasets were generated by Woolpert and their subcontractors. Data management and distribution is by Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Data comprises: - DEM: tif or asc tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout - DSM: tif or asc tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout - Point cloud: las tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout Pulse density specification is at a minimum of 8 pulses/square metre. Vertical Accuracy Specification is +/- 0.2m (95%) Horizontal Accuracy Specification is +/- 1.0m (95%) Vertical datum is NZVD2016.

This layer contains the DSM for LiDAR data in the Hawke's Bay Region, captured between 20 September to 21 December 2023. - The DEM is available as layer [Hawke's Bay LiDAR 1m DEM (2023)](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/118755). - The Index Tiles are available as layer [Hawke's Bay LiDAR Index Tiles (2023)](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/118753). LiDAR was captured for The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited (NIWA) by Woolpert Ltd between 20 September to 21 December 2023. These datasets were generated by Woolpert and their subcontractors. Data management and distribution is by Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Data comprises: - DEM: tif or asc tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout - DSM: tif or asc tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout - Point cloud: las tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout Pulse density specification is at a minimum of 8 pulses/square metre. Vertical Accuracy Specification is +/- 0.2m (95%) Horizontal Accuracy Specification is +/- 1.0m (95%) Vertical datum is NZVD2016.

Climate data have been collected at Scott Base continuously since 1 March 1957, and is one of the longest continuous climate records in Antarctica. Climate parameters measured include: wind speed and direction, air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, and global, diffuse and direct solar radiation. Climate data are collected on a daily basis. This takes two forms: a standard daily observation at 0900 NZDT, and continuous data collection at 10 minute and hourly intervals using a CR10X data logger. The initial record of the 0900 daily observations began with air temperature, air pressure, wind speed and direction, and global solar radiation being measured with standard instrumentation (wind measurements since 1972). This record constitutes the reference record. In January 1997 an electronic weather station (EWS) was added to collect and archive 10 minute and hourly data. The daily manual observations continued so as to provide a continuous reference and daily record. A data logger was installed in January 1999 and measured air temperature, relative humidity and global solar radiation using a secondary network sensor, as well as wind speed and direction. A barometric pressure sensor was installed in 2001. A standard 10m mast was installed and all sensors were moved to the new Arrival Heights laboratory in 2007. 10-minute and hourly data are recorded. From February 2019, mercury theremometers and barometers were removed from Scott Base. Where applicable, these were replaced with electronic instruments. A weighing precipitation gauge was also installed in February 2019 for the measurement of solid precipitation. Station coordinates (-77.85, 166.75) Data are retrieved and archived, and made available on New Zealand's national climate database (CLIFLO). GET DATA: https://cliflo.niwa.co.nz/

Measurements of boundary layer concentration of ozone are made with insitu instruments that samples air continuously at Arrival Heights, Antarctica and is part of the NOAA Global Monitoring Surface Ozone Network. Original measurements at Arrival Heights were made with a Dasibi Environmental Corp in situ analyser. This was replaced with a TEI-49c in situ analyser. The TEI-49c is owned by NOAA and operated by NIWA at Arrival Heights until October 2023. In October 2023 operation of the TEI was transferred to the USAP Arrival Heights laboratory along with operational responsibility (between NOAA and USAP). This data set contains continuous UV photometric data of surface level ozone collected at 6m above ground level. Data records consist of UTC time, date, and processed ozone mixing ratio (parts per billion). Data is collected from global locations and is provided in 1 minute and 1 hour averages. Data are archived at the NOAA National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), but are produced and available from NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL). Instrument timeline: - Dasibi 1997-2003 - TEI49c 2003 – October 2023 - TEI49i November 2023 -present at USAP Arrival Heights laboratory GET DATA: https://gml.noaa.gov/aftp/data/ozwv/SurfaceOzone/ARH/

This layer contains the Index Tiles for LiDAR data in the Waikato Region including Hamilton City and Ngāruawāhia as well as the surronding area captured on 10 November 2023. - The DEM is available as layer [Waikato - Hamilton LiDAR 1m DEM (2023)](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/117092). - The DSM is available as layer [Waikato - Hamilton LiDAR 1m DSM (2023)](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/117093). - The LAS point cloud is available as layer [Waikato - Hamilton LiDAR Point Cloud (2023)](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/d3SPPnPQ39sCSyM). - The vendor projects report is available as layer [Waikato - Hamilton LiDAR (2023) Survey Report](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/25213). LiDAR was captured for Hamilton City Council by Woolpert on 10 November 2023. These datasets were generated by Woolpert and their subcontractors. Data management and distribution is by Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Data comprises: - DEM: tif or asc tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout - DSM: tif or asc tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout - Point cloud: las tiles in NZTM2000 projection, tiled into a 1:1,000 tile layout Pulse density specification is at a minimum of 8 pulses/square metre. Vertical Accuracy Specification is +/- 0.2m (95%) Horizontal Accuracy Specification is +/- 1.0m (95%) Vertical datum is NZVD2016.

Ocean–atmosphere–sea ice interactions are key to understanding the future of the Southern Ocean and the Antarctic continent. Regional coupled climate–sea ice–ocean models have been developed for several polar regions; however the conservation of heat and mass fluxes between coupled models is often overlooked due to computational difficulties. At regional scale, the non-conservation of water and energy can lead to model drift over multi-year model simulations. Here we present P-SKRIPS version 1, a new version of the SKRIPS coupled model setup for the Ross Sea region. Our development includes a full conservation of heat and mass fluxes transferred between the climate (PWRF) and sea ice–ocean (MITgcm) models. We examine open water, sea ice cover, and ice sheet interfaces. We show the evidence of the flux conservation in the results of a 1-month-long summer and 1-month-long winter test experiment. P-SKRIPS v.1 shows the implications of conserving heat flux over the Terra Nova Bay and Ross Sea polynyas in August 2016, eliminating the mismatch between total flux calculation in PWRF and MITgcm up to 922 W m−2. RELATED PUBLICATION: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3355-2023 GET DATA: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7739062

Index Tiles ONLY, for actual orthophotos see layer [Waimakariri 0.1m Urban Aerial Photos (2023)](http://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/113940). Orthophotography within the Canterbury Region captured in the flying season of 2022-2023. Coverage encompasses urban areas in the Waimakariri District. Imagery was captured for Waimakariri District Council by Aerial Surveys Ltd, Unit A1, 8 Saturn Place, Albany 0632, New Zealand. Data comprises: • 846 ortho-rectified RGB GeoTIFF images in NZTM projection, tiled into the LINZ Standard 1:1000 tile layout. • Tile layout in NZTM projection containing relevant information. The supplied imagery is in terms of New Zealand Transverse Mercator (NZTM) map projection. Imagery supplied as 10cm pixel resolution (0.1m GSD), 3-band (RGB) uncompressed GeoTIFF. The final spatial accuracy is ±0.1 at 95% confidence level in clear flat areas.